15 分图表作文，动态图/静态图首段模板 + 七类原因中段 + 四类结尾，套用即得分
一、写作 B 考什么
项目 | 说明 |
所属部分 | 英语（二）第四部分写作 B 节，满分 15 分 |
字数要求 | 约 150 词 |
建议用时 | 25-30 分钟（写作 A+B 合计控制在 45 分钟内） |
图表类型 | 柱状图、折线图、饼图、表格 |
核心分类 | 动态图（随时间变化，看趋势）／静态图（同一时点，看占比） |
文体 | 说明为主、议论为辅："描述图表 — 分析原因 — 评价展望"三段式 |
先分清动态图还是静态图，是写对首段的前提：图表里有时间轴（如 2013-2023 年）就是动态图，只有一个时间点、比较各项占比的就是静态图。
二、三段式总框架
段落 | 任务 | 行数建议 |
首段 | 描述图表：主题 + 数据变化或占比。动态图/静态图各备两个模板，二选一或自由组合 | 4-5 句 |
中段 | 分析原因：从七类原因句库中选 2-3 条，按"经济/社会发展 + 观念"的主线展开 | 5-6 句 |
尾段 | 总结：利弊评价 / 趋势预测 / 改变评价 / 点睛建议，四选一 | 2-3 句 |
三、首段模板（动态图：看趋势）
模板一（变化 + 数据区间）：
As is vividly revealed in the chart, some noticeable changes have taken place in terms of ___. According to the figures provided by the graph, one can see that the percentage / number / amount of A has been on a decline / fall / drop / decrease from 数据1 in 年份1 to 数据2 in 年份2. While the percentage / number / amount of B witnessed an apparent tendency of increase / jump / growth / rise / climb, ranging from 数据3 to 数据4 during the same period. However, in regards to C, the percentage / number / amount remained almost stable, at 数据5.
模板二（总体巨变 + 分项）：
What is presented vividly in the above chart indicates that 图表主题 experienced an earth-shaking change. Specifically, a considerable jump / drop occurred from 时间1 to 时间2 in terms of A, with the percentage / number / amount going from 数据1 to 数据2. Meanwhile, B witnessed an apparent tendency of shrinkage / growth ranging from 数据3 to 数据4. In addition, C stayed almost level, at 数据5.
趋势 | 可替换表达 |
上升 | increase / rise / climb / jump / growth（名词）；witness an apparent tendency of increase |
下降 | decrease / decline / drop / fall（名词）；be on a decline |
持平 | remain almost stable / stay almost level / remain unchanged |
幅度大 | a considerable jump / drop；earth-shaking change |
四、首段模板（静态图：看占比）
模板一（排序式）：
As is vividly revealed in the chart, some noticeable differences have taken place in terms of ___. According to the figures provided by the graph, one can see that the percentage of A is the largest among all the categories, accounting for 数据1. Then come B and C, occupying 数据2 and 数据3 respectively. And D has the smallest share, only taking up 数据4.
模板二（榜单式）：
The above chart, simple yet illuminating, illustrates the 图表主题. As is reflected by the graph, A is on the top of the list, occupying about 数据1 of the total. Then come B, C and D, accounting for 数据2, 数据3 and 数据4 respectively.
五、中段：七类原因句库（选 2-3 条组合）
中段是拉分的关键。下面七类原因基本覆盖所有图表主题，考场上按图表内容挑合适的 2-3 条组合即可。
① 经济 + 观念（最百搭，首选）
It is of no difficulty to come up with some possible factors for the situation. To begin with, there is no doubt that the present condition largely results from the improvement of people's living standards, which explains why XX is playing an increasingly significant role in our daily lives, and many people consider it to be indispensable to their lives. In addition, we must admit that this tendency also has a lot to do with the turning of people's attitude. XX was once seen as a blessing / luxury. Today, however, things are changing and an increasing number of people realize that XX is a must / necessity / priority.
② 社会 / 经济 / 文化 / 教育发展 + 观念
What triggers this trend? I do reckon the following ones really matter. Initially, the rapid development of society / economy / culture / education remains in the driver's seat. With the healthy, stable and sustainable development of our society, and the fact that people's living standards improve, it is not surprising that the number of 图表对象 climbed rapidly / takes up the largest share. Also, we should never overlook the role that the changing concept plays. 旧观念 was once seen as a blessing. Today, however, things are changing and an increasing number of Chinese people realize that 新观念 is a must.
③ 行业发展
It goes without saying that the development of sth. / the related industry is another significant factor that cannot be ignored, which means cheaper products and better service and hence an increasing demand of XX.
④ 带来好处
There exists a close link between this established trend and the benefits promised by 图表相关事. It goes without saying that doing sth. does enrich our lives, widen our horizon and above all, help us learn more about our history / culture / society.
⑤ 政策引导
The situation is bound up with the positive guidance of certain policies, which contributes to the rise of XX and the individuals will benefit from it.
⑥ 技术进步
With the development of science and technology, XX have come into the ordinary households and brought about tremendous changes to our way of work and life.
⑦ 压力释放
It is true that people of today have no choice but to confront stresses felt in day-to-day work / study / job seeking. Only by doing sth. can they relax their bodies and ease their minds, and keep progress in this competitive society.
六、尾段：四类结尾（四选一）
类型 | 适用场景 | 模板句 |
利弊评价 | 需要表态好坏 | Taking into account what has been argued so far, we can safely come to the conclusion that this situation is normal and acceptable / positive and should be encouraged / negative and should be eliminated as soon as possible. I firmly believe that the tendency will continue in the forthcoming years. |
万能预测 | 说不清好坏时的保底选择 | Perhaps we are now going through the biggest wave of transformation in our lifestyles. We will soon witness how profoundly this new trend may exert impact on the whole society. |
改变评价 | 强调变化是常态 | There will always be change — new fashion, new products, new services. |
点睛建议 | 想拔高、拿高分 | But the one thing we know for sure is that with each advance in our society, the best and brightest future will require ... the whole society / the government / the relevant industry / each of us should attach importance to sth. |
七、主题词：背图表话题词，别在考场上卡壳
常见图表主题 | 核心词汇 |
休闲活动 | leisure activities / spare time / outdoor activities / fitness |
消费方式 | consumption pattern / online shopping / payment method |
出行方式 | means of transportation / shared bikes / subway / private cars |
阅读方式 | reading habits / digital reading / paper books |
人口与老龄化 | aging population / the elderly / elderly care |
就业与择业 | employment / job seeking / career choice / starting a business |
教育与培训 | online education / vocational training / lifelong learning |
环境与能源 | environmental protection / renewable energy / carbon emission |
八、模板怎么用：理解 — 记忆 — 套用 — 内化
模板背了不会用，等于没背。正确的练习路径是四步：
步骤 | 做什么 | 检验标准 |
理解 | 弄懂每个模板句的结构：哪句是描述、哪句是过渡、哪句是总结 | 能说出每个空该填什么词性 |
记忆 | 按"首段 / 中段 / 尾段"分块背诵，不要整篇硬背 | 能默写出三段骨架句 |
套用 | 拿近 5 年真题逐篇套，先套首段，再练中段原因组合 | 不看模板也能写出完整一篇 |
内化 | 形成自己的固定搭配库，考场上不再现想 | 限时 30 分钟内完成一篇 |
九、常见失分点
失分点 | 正确做法 |
动态图写成了静态描述（或反之） | 先看图表有没有时间轴，有则动态、无则静态 |
首段把所有数据都罗列一遍 | 只挑最大、最小、变化最明显的 2-3 个数据 |
中段没有原因，只重复描述图表 | 中段必须转向"为什么"，用原因句库展开 |
数据单位写错（百分比写成数值） | 看清图表标注的是 % 还是具体数量 |
主题词不会写，整段卡住 | 考前按上表背熟常见主题的英文表达 |
字数不足 150 词 | 首段 4-5 句 + 中段 5-6 句 + 尾段 2-3 句，按框架写基本都够 |
卷面涂改 | 先在草稿上理顺再上答题卡；写错划一横线后重写 |
配套干货：英语二与管综系列（点击直达）
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写在最后
大作文是英语二里最"可准备"的 15 分——图表类型就那四种，原因就那七类，结尾就那四类。把模板内化成肌肉记忆，考场上要做的只是填数据、选原因。
品睿教育专注管理类联考辅导十余年，全职师资团队 + 全国名师授课，从导学到冲刺全程带学，川渝四校区同步开课。想了解适合自己的备考方案，欢迎到校区咨询或致电 028-61980377。
